coronary heart disease (CHD)

Heart disease, also known as coronary heart disease (CHD) and coronary artery disease, occurs then plaque builds up in the arteries blocking or slowing the blood flow and flow of oxygen. A coronary artery is simply a blood vessel that carries blood to the heart. These arteries are shaped like narrow tubes. Plaque is a fatty substance that builds up in the arteries. This slows and can even stop the blood flow to the heart, creating a dangerous health condition. This can cause angina and even heart attack.

Heart disease does not discriminate. It can affect men as well as women. In some cases it may be hereditary or it may develop over a period of years. Heart disease can also come with advancing age as plaque builds up in the arteries over many years. People who are overweight, diabetic or have high blood pressure are also at a great risk as well as those who have high cholesterol. Heart disease, though, can also come from smoking, excessive drinking of alcoholic beverages, eating a diet high in fat and sugars and leading a sedentary lifestyle. This is why it is important to make healthy choices and refrain from activities that can be potentially harmful.
Here are seven tips for reducing your risk of heart disease. By following these guidelines, you can possibly prevent your chances of getting heart disease completely.
1. Don’t smoke – Nicotine increases your blood pressure. When you smoke, the nicotine you inhale into your system stimulates the release of adrenaline. This, in turn, causes your blood vessels to constrict and your heart beats faster.
2. Don’t drink – Drinking alcohol also causes your blood vessels to constrict and your heart beats faster. However, certain alcoholic beverages, such as red wine, have been shown to contain licopene which actually aids the body in preventing heart disease.
3. Maintain a healthy diet – Eating a diet that is low in saturated fats and cholesterol will increase your chances of preventing heart disease. Your body actually turns saturated fats into cholesterol so you want to avoid it as much as you can. Fresh fruits and vegetables are great to add to your diet as well as foods that are not processed and have no preservatives and are low in sodium.
4. Exercise regularly – Engaging in regular exercise can strengthen your heart and lower your risk of heart disease. Even something as simple as walking can be beneficial. It can also help to lower your blood pressure. However, before you start any exercise regimen, check with your doctor to make sure it is OK for you to exercise.
5. Control your blood pressure – If you have high blood pressure or are pre-hypertensive, you should ask your doctor for suggestions on how to lower it. Then heed your doctor’s advice.
6. If you are diabetic or pre-diabetic, keep it in check – If you are diabetic take care of yourself. Make sure that you maintain a proper diet and exercise regularly. If you are pre-diabetic, follow your doctor’s advice on preventing your condition from becoming full-blown diabetes.
7. See your doctor regularly – Get regular checkups and make sure that you stay on top of any health concerns. Additionally, if you are at risk for heart disease, you may want to talk to your doctor about taking a low dose of aspirin each day.

FUNGSI dan ARTI PEMERIKSAAN PETANDA TUMOR dan PEMERIKSAAN LAIN

Pemeriksaan Petanda Tumor (Tumor Marker)
AFP (Alfa Feto Protein)
Merupakan petanda tumor untuk hati dan tumor-tumor germinal
CEA (Carcino-Embronic Antigen
Merupakan petanda tumor untuk usus dan payudara
PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen
Merupakan petanda tumor untuk prostat

Pemeriksaan lain-lain


Urin Rutin
Untuk membantu mendiagnosis adanya infeksi saluran kencing (karena bakteri, parasit, jamur), batu saluran kencing
Mikroalbumin Urin
Adanya mikroalbumin dalam urine merupakan petanda kebocoran ginjal (setelah menyingkirkan penyebab-penyebab albuminuria yang lain). Sebelum dilakukan pemeriksaan mikroalbumin, dilakukan skrining protein urin lebih dulu. Jika protein urine (+), pemeriksaan mikroalbumin ditunda dulu, sampai penyebab proteinuria teratasi
Feses Rutin
Untuk membantu menegakkan diagnosis penyebab diare
USG 3D
Untuk mendiagnosa ada tidaknya batu, radang, tumor pada organ dalam tubuh
USG 4D
Untuk mendiagnosa jenis kelamin, letak placenta, ada tidaknya kelainan pada janin
EEG (Rekam Otak)
Untuk mendukung diagnosa klinik penyakit epilepsi dan untuk membantu mengklasifikasikan sindrom epilepsi
Foto Thorax
Untuk mendeteksi kelainan pada paru-paru
Panoramic
Untuk mendeteksi kelainan pada gigi dan rongga mulut
Mammografi
Untuk mendeteksi kelainan pada payudara
EKG
Alat rekam jantung, untuk mendeteksi kelainan pada jantung
Treadmill
Untuk mendeteksi dini penyakit jantung koroner, dilakukan diatas ban berjalan seperti alat olah raga pada umumnya, dilengkapi dengan monitor dan alat rekam jantung (EKG)
Audiometri
Alat test pendengaran
Spirometri
Alat test pernafasan
Fisioterapi
Untuk mempercepat penyembuhan kelainan gangguan otot, sendi dan jaringan lunak
Pap Smear
Untuk mendeteksi kanker leher rahim